Unless your name is Oscar “Bleeding Gums” Murphy, the jazz saxophonist idolized by Lisa Simpson on “The Simpsons,” bleeding gums are not a good thing.

HOW HORMONAL CHANGES AFFECT ORAL HEALTH

During perimenopause, levels of estrogen and progesterone fluctuate, leading to several oral health issues:

• Gum Sensitivity and Inflammation: Decreased estrogen levels can make gums more sensitive and prone to inflammation, increasing the risk of gum disease.

• Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Hormonal changes can reduce saliva production, leading to dry mouth. Saliva is crucial for neutralizing acids and washing away food particles, so a lack of it can increase the risk of cavities and infections.

• Burning Mouth Syndrome: Some women experience a burning sensation in their mouth, which can be uncomfortable and affect eating and speaking.

• Altered Taste: Hormonal changes can also affect taste, making certain foods taste different or less appealing. Saliva breaks down food into individual chemicals. Taste buds detect those chemicals as different flavors. Less estrogen may mean less saliva, reducing or changing the taste sensations.

HOW HORMONAL FLUCTUATIONS MAKE WOMEN MORE VULNERABLE TO GUM DISEASE

Gingivitis is the early stage of gum disease, also known as periodontal disease.

In its early stages, symptoms may include

• bleeding gums,
• bad breath, and
• red, swollen, tender gums.

Women are more sensitive to the presence of plaque and bacteria around the gums when the hormone levels are high, according to the American Dental Association.

This can cause gums to become inflamed, swell and bleed.

If left untreated, ongoing inflammation in the gums can also lead to bone loss around the teeth and eventual tooth loss.

BONE LOSS

The decreased estrogen that occurs with perimenopause also puts you at risk for a loss of bone density.

Signs of bone loss in your jaw can be something as simple as receding gums.

When your gums recede, more of your tooth is exposed and that puts more of your tooth at risk for decay.

THE GOOD NEWS

Gum disease is preventable and reversible in its early stages.

TIPS FOR GOOD ORAL HYGIENE

Maintaining good oral health during perimenopause involves a combination of good hygiene practices and regular dental care:

• Brush and Floss Regularly: Brush your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and floss daily to remove plaque and prevent gum disease.

• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help combat dry mouth. Chewing sugar-free gum can also stimulate saliva production.

• Regular Dental Check-ups: Visit your dentist at least twice a year for professional cleanings and check-ups. Inform your dentist about any hormonal changes you are experiencing.

• Healthy Diet: Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals to support overall health, including oral health. Avoid sugary snacks and drinks that can contribute to tooth decay.

• Manage Stress: Stress can exacerbate oral health issues. Practice stress-reducing activities such as yoga, meditation, or deep-breathing exercises.

• Use Saliva Substitutes: Over-the-counter saliva substitutes can help alleviate dry mouth symptoms. Look for products specifically designed for dry mouth relief.

Your dentist is a valuable partner in navigating these changes, so don’t hesitate to seek their advice and support.

The information and other content provided in this blog, website or in any linked materials are not intended and should not be considered, or used as a substitute for, medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

mySysters is an app for women in perimenopause and menopause. Good Housekeeping and Woman’s Day named mySysters the Best App for Women in Perimenopause and a Must Have App for Women.